如何在不使用BOM且以非ASCII字符开头的情况下针对文件识别不同的编码？

public class UnicodeReader extends Reader {
private static final int BOM_SIZE = 4;
private final InputStreamReader reader;

/**
 * Construct UnicodeReader
 * @param in Input stream.
 * @param defaultEncoding Default encoding to be used if BOM is not found,
 * or <code>null</code> to use system default encoding.
 * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
 */
public UnicodeReader(InputStream in, String defaultEncoding) throws IOException {
    byte bom[] = new byte[BOM_SIZE];
    String encoding;
    int unread;
    PushbackInputStream pushbackStream = new PushbackInputStream(in, BOM_SIZE);
    int n = pushbackStream.read(bom, 0, bom.length);

    // Read ahead four bytes and check for BOM marks.
    if ((bom[0] == (byte) 0xEF) && (bom[1] == (byte) 0xBB) && (bom[2] == (byte) 0xBF)) {
        encoding = \"UTF-8\";
        unread = n - 3;
    } else if ((bom[0] == (byte) 0xFE) && (bom[1] == (byte) 0xFF)) {
        encoding = \"UTF-16BE\";
        unread = n - 2;
    } else if ((bom[0] == (byte) 0xFF) && (bom[1] == (byte) 0xFE)) {
        encoding = \"UTF-16LE\";
        unread = n - 2;
    } else if ((bom[0] == (byte) 0x00) && (bom[1] == (byte) 0x00) && (bom[2] == (byte) 0xFE) && (bom[3] == (byte) 0xFF)) {
        encoding = \"UTF-32BE\";
        unread = n - 4;
    } else if ((bom[0] == (byte) 0xFF) && (bom[1] == (byte) 0xFE) && (bom[2] == (byte) 0x00) && (bom[3] == (byte) 0x00)) {
        encoding = \"UTF-32LE\";
        unread = n - 4;
    } else {
        // No BOM detected but still could be UTF-16
        int found = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            if (bom[i] == (byte) 0x00)
                found++;
        }

        if(found >= 2) {
            if(bom[0] == (byte) 0x00){
                encoding = \"UTF-16BE\";
            }
            else {
                encoding = \"UTF-16LE\";
            }
            unread = n;
        }
        else {
            encoding = defaultEncoding;
            unread = n;
        }
    }

    // Unread bytes if necessary and skip BOM marks.
    if (unread > 0) {
        pushbackStream.unread(bom, (n - unread), unread);
    } else if (unread < -1) {
        pushbackStream.unread(bom, 0, 0);
    }

    // Use given encoding.
    if (encoding == null) {
        reader = new InputStreamReader(pushbackStream);
    } else {
        reader = new InputStreamReader(pushbackStream, encoding);
    }
}

public String getEncoding() {
    return reader.getEncoding();
}

public int read(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
    return reader.read(cbuf, off, len);
}

public void close() throws IOException {
    reader.close();
}