你如何将PIL`Image`转换为Django`File`?

我正在尝试将
UploadedFile
转换为PIL
Image
对象以缩略图,然后将我的缩略图函数返回的PIL
Image
对象转换回
File
对象。我怎样才能做到这一点?     
已邀请:
不必回写文件系统,然后通过公开调用将文件带回内存的方法是使用StringIO和Django InMemoryUploadedFile。以下是有关如何执行此操作的快速示例。这假设您已经有一个名为'thumb'的缩略图:
import StringIO

from django.core.files.uploadedfile import InMemoryUploadedFile

# Create a file-like object to write thumb data (thumb data previously created
# using PIL, and stored in variable 'thumb')
thumb_io = StringIO.StringIO()
thumb.save(thumb_io, format='JPEG')

# Create a new Django file-like object to be used in models as ImageField using
# InMemoryUploadedFile.  If you look at the source in Django, a
# SimpleUploadedFile is essentially instantiated similarly to what is shown here
thumb_file = InMemoryUploadedFile(thumb_io, None, 'foo.jpg', 'image/jpeg',
                                  thumb_io.len, None)

# Once you have a Django file-like object, you may assign it to your ImageField
# and save.
...
如果您需要更多说明,请与我们联系。我现在正在我的项目中工作,使用django-storage上传到S3。这花了我一天中最好的部分才能在这里找到解决方案。     
我必须在几个步骤中执行此操作,php中的imagejpeg()需要类似的过程。不是说没有办法把东西保存在内存中,但是这个方法为你提供了原始图像和拇指的文件引用(如果你不得不回去改变你的拇指大小,通常是一个好主意)。 保存文件 用PIL从文件系统打开它, 使用PIL保存到临时目录, 然后打开一个Django文件,让它工作。 模型:
class YourModel(Model):
    img = models.ImageField(upload_to='photos')
    thumb = models.ImageField(upload_to='thumbs')
用法:
#in upload code
uploaded = request.FILES['photo']
from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
file_content = ContentFile(uploaded.read())
new_file = YourModel() 
#1 - get it into the DB and file system so we know the real path
new_file.img.save(str(new_file.id) + '.jpg', file_content)
new_file.save()

from PIL import Image
import os.path

#2, open it from the location django stuck it
thumb = Image.open(new_file.img.path)
thumb.thumbnail(100, 100)

#make tmp filename based on id of the model
filename = str(new_file.id)

#3. save the thumbnail to a temp dir

temp_image = open(os.path.join('/tmp',filename), 'w')
thumb.save(temp_image, 'JPEG')

#4. read the temp file back into a File
from django.core.files import File
thumb_data = open(os.path.join('/tmp',filename), 'r')
thumb_file = File(thumb_data)

new_file.thumb.save(str(new_file.id) + '.jpg', thumb_file)
    
这是python 3.5和django 1.10的实际工作示例 在views.py中:
from io import BytesIO
from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
from django.core.files.uploadedfile import InMemoryUploadedFile

def pill(image_io):
    im = Image.open(image_io)
    ltrb_border = (0, 0, 0, 10)
    im_with_border = ImageOps.expand(im, border=ltrb_border, fill='white')

    buffer = BytesIO()
    im_with_border.save(fp=buffer, format='JPEG')
    buff_val = buffer.getvalue()
    return ContentFile(buff_val)

def save_img(request)
    if request.POST:
       new_record = AddNewRecordForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
       pillow_image = pill(request.FILES['image'])
       image_file = InMemoryUploadedFile(pillow_image, None, 'foo.jpg', 'image/jpeg', pillow_image.tell, None)
       request.FILES['image'] = image_file  # really need rewrite img in POST for success form validation
       new_record.image = request.FILES['image']
       new_record.save()
       return redirect(...)
    
汇总Python 3+的评论和更新
from io import BytesIO
from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
import requests

# Read a file in

r = request.get(image_url)
image = r.content
scr = Image.open(BytesIO(image))

# Perform an image operation like resize:

width, height = scr.size
new_width = 320
new_height = int(new_width * height / width)
img = scr.resize((new_width, new_height))

# Get the Django file object

thumb_io = BytesIO()
img.save(thumb_io, format='JPEG')
photo_smaller = ContentFile(thumb_io.getvalue())
    
这是一个可以做到这一点的应用程序:django-smartfields
from django.db import models

from smartfields import fields
from smartfields.dependencies import FileDependency
from smartfields.processors import ImageProcessor

class ImageModel(models.Model):
    image = fields.ImageField(dependencies=[
        FileDependency(processor=ImageProcessor(
            scale={'max_width': 150, 'max_height': 150}))
    ])
如果您想保留旧文件,请务必将
keep_orphans=True
传递到现场,否则在更换时会清理它们。     
对于那些使用
django-storages/-redux
在S3上存储图像文件的人来说,这是我拍摄的路径(下面的示例创建了现有图像的缩略图):
from PIL import Image
import StringIO
from django.core.files.storage import default_storage

try:
    # example 1: use a local file
    image = Image.open('my_image.jpg')
    # example 2: use a model's ImageField
    image = Image.open(my_model_instance.image_field)
    image.thumbnail((300, 200))
except IOError:
    pass  # handle exception

thumb_buffer = StringIO.StringIO()
image.save(thumb_buffer, format=image.format)
s3_thumb = default_storage.open('my_new_300x200_image.jpg', 'w')
s3_thumb.write(thumb_buffer.getvalue())
s3_thumb.close()
    

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