提取压缩文件

| 以下代码允许我提取.tgz文件。但是，它会在大约下降两级后停止提取。还有其他子文件夹具有.tgz文件，需要解压缩。此外，提取文件时，必须手动将其移至其他路径，否则它将被提取到该位置的其他.tgz文件覆盖（我使用的所有.tgz文件都具有相同的文件结构/文件夹名称一旦提取）。任何帮助表示赞赏。谢谢！

import os, sys, tarfile

def extract(tar_url, extract_path=\'.\'):
    print tar_url
    tar = tarfile.open(tar_url, \'r\')
    for item in tar:
        tar.extract(item, extract_path)
        if item.name.find(\".tgz\") != -1 or item.name.find(\".tar\") != -1:
            extract(item.name, \"./\" + item.name[:item.name.rfind(\'/\')])
try:

    extract(sys.argv[1] + \'.tgz\')
    print \'Done.\'
except:
    name = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
    print name[:name.rfind(\'.\')], \'<filename>\'

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1 个回复

佃蒜狗掂哥

如果我没有误解您的问题，那么这就是您想要做的- 提取可能包含以下内容的.tgz文件：其中更多需要进一步的.tgz文件提取（依此类推）解压缩时，请注意不要替换文件夹中已经存在的目录。如果我正确解释了您的问题，那么... 这是我的代码的作用- 将每个.tgz文件（递归）提取到与该目录中.tgz文件（没有扩展名）同名的单独文件夹中。提取时，请确保它不会覆盖/替换任何现有的文件/文件夹。因此，如果这是.tgz文件的目录结构-

parent/
    xyz.tgz/
        a
        b
        c
        d.tgz/
            x
            y
            z
        a.tgz/                  # note if I extract this directly, it will replace/overwrite contents of the folder \'a\'
            m
            n
            o
            p

解压缩后，目录结构将为-

parent/
    xyz.tgz
    xyz/
        a
        b
        c
        d/
            x
            y
            z
        a 1/                  # it extracts \'a.tgz\' to the folder \'a 1\' as folder \'a\' already exists in the same folder.
            m
            n
            o
            p

尽管我在下面的代码中提供了大量文档，但是我只是简要介绍了程序的结构。这是我定义的功能-

FileExtension --> returns the extension of a file
AppropriateFolderName --> helps in preventing overwriting/replacing of already existing folders (how? you will see it in the program)
Extract --> extracts a .tgz file (safely)
WalkTreeAndExtract - walks down a directory (passed as parameter) and extracts all .tgz files(recursively) on the way down.

我无法建议您对所做的操作进行更改，因为我的方法有些不同。我使用的是tarfile模块的extractall方法，而不是像您所做的那样有点复杂的extract方法。（请看一下-http://docs.python.org/library/tarfile.html#tarfile.TarFile.extractall并阅读与使用extractall方法相关的警告。我认为我们不会遇到任何此类问题一般而言，但请记住这一点。）所以这是对我有用的代码- （我尝试对嵌套5个深度的.tar文件（即.tar内的.tar中的.tar... 5次）进行了测试，但它适用于任何深度*，也适用于.tgz文件。）

# extracting_nested_tars.py

import os
import re
import tarfile

file_extensions = (\'tar\', \'tgz\')
# Edit this according to the archive types you want to extract. Keep in
# mind that these should be extractable by the tarfile module.

def FileExtension(file_name):
    \"\"\"Return the file extension of file

    \'file\' should be a string. It can be either the full path of
    the file or just its name (or any string as long it contains
    the file extension.)

    Examples:
    input (file) -->  \'abc.tar\'
    return value -->  \'tar\'

    \"\"\"
    match = re.compile(r\"^.*[.](?P<ext>\\w+)$\",
      re.VERBOSE|re.IGNORECASE).match(file_name)

    if match:           # if match != None:
        ext = match.group(\'ext\')
        return ext
    else:
        return \'\'       # there is no file extension to file_name

def AppropriateFolderName(folder_name, parent_fullpath):
    \"\"\"Return a folder name such that it can be safely created in
    parent_fullpath without replacing any existing folder in it.

    Check if a folder named folder_name exists in parent_fullpath. If no,
    return folder_name (without changing, because it can be safely created 
    without replacing any already existing folder). If yes, append an
    appropriate number to the folder_name such that this new folder_name
    can be safely created in the folder parent_fullpath.

    Examples:
    folder_name = \'untitled folder\'
    return value = \'untitled folder\' (if no such folder already exists
                                      in parent_fullpath.)

    folder_name = \'untitled folder\'
    return value = \'untitled folder 1\' (if a folder named \'untitled folder\'
                                        already exists but no folder named
                                        \'untitled folder 1\' exists in
                                        parent_fullpath.)

    folder_name = \'untitled folder\'
    return value = \'untitled folder 2\' (if folders named \'untitled folder\'
                                        and \'untitled folder 1\' both
                                        already exist but no folder named
                                        \'untitled folder 2\' exists in
                                        parent_fullpath.)

    \"\"\"
    if os.path.exists(os.path.join(parent_fullpath,folder_name)):
        match = re.compile(r\'^(?P<name>.*)[ ](?P<num>\\d+)$\').match(folder_name)
        if match:                           # if match != None:
            name = match.group(\'name\')
            number = match.group(\'num\')
            new_folder_name = \'%s %d\' %(name, int(number)+1)
            return AppropriateFolderName(new_folder_name,
                                         parent_fullpath)
            # Recursively call itself so that it can be check whether a
            # folder named new_folder_name already exists in parent_fullpath
            # or not.
        else:
            new_folder_name = \'%s 1\' %folder_name
            return AppropriateFolderName(new_folder_name, parent_fullpath)
            # Recursively call itself so that it can be check whether a
            # folder named new_folder_name already exists in parent_fullpath
            # or not.
    else:
        return folder_name

def Extract(tarfile_fullpath, delete_tar_file=True):
    \"\"\"Extract the tarfile_fullpath to an appropriate* folder of the same
    name as the tar file (without an extension) and return the path
    of this folder.

    If delete_tar_file is True, it will delete the tar file after
    its extraction; if False, it won`t. Default value is True as you
    would normally want to delete the (nested) tar files after
    extraction. Pass a False, if you don`t want to delete the
    tar file (after its extraction) you are passing.

    \"\"\"
    tarfile_name = os.path.basename(tarfile_fullpath)
    parent_dir = os.path.dirname(tarfile_fullpath)

    extract_folder_name = AppropriateFolderName(tarfile_name[:\\
    -1*len(FileExtension(tarfile_name))-1], parent_dir)
    # (the slicing is to remove the extension (.tar) from the file name.)
    # Get a folder name (from the function AppropriateFolderName)
    # in which the contents of the tar file can be extracted,
    # so that it doesn\'t replace an already existing folder.
    extract_folder_fullpath = os.path.join(parent_dir,
    extract_folder_name)
    # The full path to this new folder.

    try:
        tar = tarfile.open(tarfile_fullpath)
        tar.extractall(extract_folder_fullpath)
        tar.close()
        if delete_tar_file:
            os.remove(tarfile_fullpath)
        return extract_folder_name
    except Exception as e:
        # Exceptions can occur while opening a damaged tar file.
        print \'Error occured while extracting %s\\n\'\\
        \'Reason: %s\' %(tarfile_fullpath, e)
        return

def WalkTreeAndExtract(parent_dir):
    \"\"\"Recursively descend the directory tree rooted at parent_dir
    and extract each tar file on the way down (recursively).
    \"\"\"
    try:
        dir_contents = os.listdir(parent_dir)
    except OSError as e:
        # Exception can occur if trying to open some folder whose
        # permissions this program does not have.
        print \'Error occured. Could not open folder %s\\n\'\\
        \'Reason: %s\' %(parent_dir, e)
        return

    for content in dir_contents:
        content_fullpath = os.path.join(parent_dir, content)
        if os.path.isdir(content_fullpath):
            # If content is a folder, walk it down completely.
            WalkTreeAndExtract(content_fullpath)
        elif os.path.isfile(content_fullpath):
            # If content is a file, check if it is a tar file.
            # If so, extract its contents to a new folder.
            if FileExtension(content_fullpath) in file_extensions:
                extract_folder_name = Extract(content_fullpath)
                if extract_folder_name:     # if extract_folder_name != None:
                    dir_contents.append(extract_folder_name)
                    # Append the newly extracted folder to dir_contents
                    # so that it can be later searched for more tar files
                    # to extract.
        else:
            # Unknown file type.
            print \'Skipping %s. <Neither file nor folder>\' % content_fullpath

if __name__ == \'__main__\':
    tarfile_fullpath = \'fullpath_path_of_your_tarfile\'    # pass the path of your tar file here.
    extract_folder_name = Extract(tarfile_fullpath, False)

    # tarfile_fullpath is extracted to extract_folder_name. Now descend
    # down its directory structure and extract all other tar files
    # (recursively).
    extract_folder_fullpath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(tarfile_fullpath),
      extract_folder_name)
    WalkTreeAndExtract(extract_folder_fullpath)
    # If you want to extract all tar files in a dir, just execute the above
    # line and nothing else.

我还没有添加命令行界面。我想如果您觉得有用的话，可以添加它。这是上述程序的更好的版本- http://guanidene.blogspot.com/2011/06/nested-tar-archives-extractor.html

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提取压缩文件

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compression

tar

python

问题状态

提取压缩文件

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1 个回复

发起人

compression

tar

python

问题状态